Exacum bicolor (Gentianaceae) is an endangered medicinal herb distributed in the northern part of Kerala, India. The leaves are used as traditional medicine to treat several inflammatory and antioxidant pathologies such as asthma, rheumatisms and burns. In this study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of crude methanol extracts of leaves from E. bicolor were investigated. The leaf extracts showed significant in vitro antioxidant activity (total antioxidant activity, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity) and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity (carrageenan induced paw edema in mice and enzymic antioxidant status in serum). The extracts are reported to have considerable amount of phenolics (105.23 mg/g) and flavonoids (10.12 mg/g). In addition, the content and the composition of flavonoids were assessed by HPLC analysis. These result indicates that the endangered Exacum bicolor is a potential source of anti-oxidantal and antiinflammatory substances.