Medicinal plants, since antiquities are used in the treatment of many diseases, especially childhish. The present study aims to know the medicinal plants used in the treatment of childhood illnesses commercialized in Daloa markets and to document the traditional knowledge of the populations. Semi-structured interviews based on an elaborate questionnaire were used with 48 herbalists and traditional healers in 4 markets. A total, 43 species divided into 40 genera and 28 botanicalfamilies, have been identified.The most diverse families are the Euphorbiaceae (9.30%), the Fabaceae the Malvaceae and the Mimosaceae with each (6.97%). Forty-seven diseases, grouped into 16 major categories, were formed. Infectious diseases (9 conditions) were mostly cited. Diarrhea (42.55%), fever (29.79%), malaria (23.40%), stomach aches (19.15 %) and stomach wounds (17.02%) are more cited. Decoction (76.74%) and infusion (51.16%) are the preparation modes used.The Medicinal Use Value (med.UVs) of the plants used in child care and the Informant Agreement Ratio (med.IARs) of the interviewees were determined. Medicinal plants play a very important part in the care of childhood illnesses and the results obtained which can lead to a phytochemical study.