In the present review work we have reviewed various scientific research articles published on phytochemical investigation and antibacterial activity of Azadirachta indica. It is commonly known as neem, a tree belongs to family Meliaceae and in the genus Azadirachta. It is native to the Indian subcontinent and typically grown in tropical and semi-tropical regions. Neem consists of fresh dried leaves, fruits, flowers and bark of Azadirachta indica J. Juss. It is the traditional plant which has many therapeutic uses due to presence of wide range of phytoconstituents in it. The active phytoconstituents of Neem includes nimbin, nimbolide, nimbinene, nimbandiol, tannins, Azadirachtin and flavonoids, etc. Neem has many therapeutic uses like anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, antiseptic, stimulant and insect repellent agent etc. It is also used in the treatment of skin disease, ulceration of cow-pox, rheumatism, anorexia, nausea and intestinal worms. Many researchers have worked on antibacterial activity of various parts of neem in different solvents against various micro-organisms.