Traditional medicinal systems gives much emphasis on the quality of raw drug materials. Pharmacognostical study helped to standardize the identity and preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of certain phytoconstituents which helped to understand the properties and action of the drug. Different parts of Benkara malabarica (Lam.) Tirveng. Family Rubiaceae, known as phiriki in Odisha, are used by traditional healers to combat many disease conditions. Its stem and roots are used to treat abdominal pain, throat infection, wound healing, asthma and rheumatic pain. Material and method: Fresh stem and root bark were collected from paikamala, Odisha following good collection practice. Pharmacognosy and physicochemical parameters were done as per standard protocol. Results and conclusion: the stem and root bark showed similar anatomical structure consisting of outer cork layer, cortical zone, secondary phloem and medullary rays. Powder microscopy reveals presence of prism, cluster crystal and tannin content in both barks. Physicochemical parameters reveals that pH value of both samples are slight acidic in nature. Methanol extract stem bark showed 9 and root bark showed 5 peaks at 254 nm.