Nitrogen is one of the most essential elements because of its functioning in plant metabolic activities. Among different available forms of nitrogen, the nitrate form was widely available in aerobic soils. Besides, having a positive role of nitrate nitrogen on crop productivity its increased application is prone to heavy losses viz. leaching etc resulting in lower nitrogen use efficiency. Hence in this review different physiological and molecular mechanisms of nitrate uptake was discussed briefly under several sub mechanisms starting from response of root towards external nitrate concentration followed by signaling Mechanism involved in activation nitrate influx proteins. In addition, fate of absorbed nitrate in the plant body was also briefed to help in understanding the mechanism and different transports and genes involved. These insights primarily focus on advancement of biotechnology which would help in developing a fertilizer responsive transgenic plant. Further, when these plants are managed ideally with modern tailored approach of nutrient management might have a wider scope to unravel an ideal strategy to narrow the gap between actual and potential nitrogen use efficiency.