To ascertain various phytochemical ingredients in Capparis zeylanica leaves extracts by TLC evaluating their antidiabetic property by using in vitro assays. The concentrated and dried extracts were subjected to TLC analysis and also the antidiabetic activity was assessed by employing standard in vitro techniques. Chloroform extract of Capparis zeylanica exhibited significantly lower IC50 values for the percentage inhibition of α-amylase (EC50 = 64.12 µg/ml) and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 62.32 µg/ml) compared to acarbose (IC50 = 68.23 µg/ml; IC50 = 71.23 µg/ml, respectively) (p ≤ 0.05). Similarly, chloroform extract of Capparis zeylanica had the highest total phenolic content (54.12 mmol GAE/L), albumin denaturation value (55.23 µg/ml) and lipoxygenase inhibition activity (IC50 = 59.67 µg/ml). This study provides scientific evidence that chloroform extract of Capparis zeylanica have anti-diabetic efficacy. Thus, considering its relative hypoglycemic potency, they may serve as useful therapeutic agents for treating diabetes.