The present paper reports the pharmacognostic and phytochemical evaluation of Momordica dioica pulp and seed belongs to the families Cucurbitaceae which is a slender, tendril climbing, annual vine. Bitter melon is a common food and widely used as medicinal plants in countries like India, China, Africa etc. Macroscopic characters like color, odor, taste, shape characteristics along with inflorescence characteristics were noted. Microscopical characters show epicarp middle mesocarp, vascular bundles, inner mesocarp. Powder microscopy showed useful diagnostic features like acicular raphides, sclerenchymatous cells. Ash values, moisture content, extractive values and preliminary screening of extracts. Momordica dioica fruit pulp and seed values are as Total ash 26 and 06, Water soluble ash 32 and 18, Water insoluble ash 17 and 13, Acid soluble ash 1.4 and 0.22, Acid insoluble ash 2.7 and 0.57, Loss on drying 5.2 and 1.2, Alcohol soluble extractives 12 and 16, Ether soluble extractives 9.25 and 13.78, Water soluble extractives 21.20 and 18.40. The percentage of loss on drying for fruit pulp and seed of Momordica dioica was found to be 5.2%w/w and 5.9%w/w respectively. Extractive values for fruit pulp and seed of Momordica dioica Petroleum ether extract 1.5%w/w and 12.67%w/w, Ethyl acetate extract 2.6%w/w and 3.5%w/w, Methanol extract 18%w/w and 19.22%w/w, Aqueous extract 26.67%w/w and 27.89%w/w respectively.