The heritages of Indian traditional knowledge of herbal medicinal practices are far rich and flow orally through generations. Extracts of different plant parts are routine in use among ethnic and rural people to date. The traditional medicinal uses of Argyreia nervosa (Burm.f.) Bojer is one such example of the high valued heritage of knowledge-based indigenous herbal practices in India. The woody vine plant Argyreia nervosa is an important medicinal plant used traditionally for the cure of various diseases, including stomach complaints, sores on foot, smallpox, syphilis, dysentery and diarrhea, ringworm, eczema, itching and other skin related infections for their potential phytochemicals like triterpenoids, flavonoids, steroids, argyreioside, epifriedelinol, triacontanol, lysergamide alkaloids. The chapter aims to provide insight into various parts of the plant's healthcare applications in traditional Indian medicinal contexts.