The genus Cordia L. (Boraginaceae) is a medicinally important taxon. Cordia dichotoma G. Forst. has been used for the treatment against fever, ulcers, dyspepsia, ringworm, etc. It has also been reported for its activities such as analgesic, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory actions. Another species, C. sinensis Lam., which is endemic to the northern Western Ghats, is a potential medicinal plant and presumed to have similar biochemical activities. Since, the species is consumed mainly in the crude form, it is difficult to establish the identity based on only leaf or stem characters. Acomparative study has been carried out to authenticate the identity of these two species based on anatomical characters. The anatomical sections of stem (TS, TLS and RLS), leaf (TS), and petiole (TS) of both the species were observed under the bright-field microscope and characters were documented. Though the diagrammatic outline of the stem and leaf sections is similar, detail anatomical characters are significantly different. The characters such as arrangement of cortical tissues, pericyclicfibres, phloem fibres andphloem rays are useful in differentiating the stem and petiole of both the species. The structure and number of the trichomes are also found to be useful characters for identification.In case of leaf, number and arrangement of vascular bundles, arrangement of collenchyma at lower epidermis, palisade cells and distribution of storage cells are the major characters to differentiate both the species. During the study we also observed the detail characters of cuticular layer, trichomesandstomatalcharacters. Rananculious type stomata, the presence of cystolithsin the basal cell of the trichome are the common characters observed in both the species. On the basis of preliminary study the species can be differentiated based only on anatomical characters.