Cultivation of threatened woody species with the goal of conserving them is hampered by little or no, information on how such species can be propagated or their seedlings established. We investigated in Rapinat Herbarium Conservatory propagation and seedling establishment of 10 endemic, threatened medicinal and multipurpose species much valued for traditional medicine in Western Ghats, India. The experiments included sexual and vegetative propagation, as well as seedling growth experiment. The multipurpose species Hydnocarpus pentandrus, Hydnocarpus alpinus, Michelia champaca, Syzigium cumini were easily propagated from seeds, and Toddalia asiatica from cuttings. The medicinal species Rhododendron arboretum did not germinate at all. Elaeocarpus recurvatus, Hydnocarpus mcrocarpus and Toddalia asiatica had high dormancy and low synchrony of seed emergence. Syzigium spp. seedlings established readily with addition of fertilizer (NPK) and moderate watering (three times a week). We conclude that the conservation efforts of the conservatory Rapinat Herbarium Trichy (RHT) one aiming at those taxa with imminent depletion of exploitation could be effectively target to other agencies of conservation.