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VOL. 10, ISSUE 10 (2025)
Allelopathy: A detrimental effects of plant species
Authors
Dr. Minakshi Neware, Dr. Somnath Jadhav, Mr. Deepak Birla
Abstract
Allelopathy refers to the detrimental effects of secondary metabolites
or chemical exudates (allelochemicals) released by one plant species on the
germination, growth, physiology, or development of other plant species sharing
the same habitat. Unlike crop-weed competition, which is largely
resource-driven, allelopathy involves biochemical interference in the form of
phenolic acids, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and cyanogenic compounds.
These allelochemicals are released through root exudates, leaf leachates,
volatile emissions, and decaying residues. The allelopathic effects of weeds
such as Parthenium, Cyperus, Argemone mexicana, Datura, and wild oat on crops
like maize, wheat, sorghum, and sunflower significantly hinder germination,
seedling establishment, photosynthesis, respiration, nutrient uptake, and
enzymatic activity. Similarly, crop plants like maize, wheat, sunflower, and
rye also exert allelopathic effects on weeds, which can be utilized as
biological control strategies. The mode of action of allelochemicals involves
oxidative stress, ROS generation, alteration in lignin composition, inhibition
of water uptake, and disruption of protein and nucleic acid metabolism. Factors
such as plant density, life cycle, soil properties, climatic conditions, and
stress environment strongly influence allelopathic activity. While allelopathy
reduces crop productivity in certain intercropping systems, it also offers
eco-friendly opportunities for weed management through cover crops, residue
incorporation, and the development of bio-herbicides. Hence, allelopathy is a
double-edged ecological interaction, demanding careful exploration for
sustainable agriculture and integrated weed management.
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Pages:36-39
How to cite this article:
Dr. Minakshi Neware, Dr. Somnath Jadhav, Mr. Deepak Birla "Allelopathy:<i> </i>A<i> </i>detrimental effects of plant species". International Journal of Botany Studies, Vol 10, Issue 10, 2025, Pages 36-39
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