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VOL. 10, ISSUE 6 (2025)
The role of phytohormones in regulating growth and reproductive development in maize (Zea Mays L.): Insights into stress resilience and yield stabilization
Authors
Chavan Syamraj Naik, M Vijay Kumar
Abstract
The growth and reproductive development of
maize (Zea mays L.) are intricately regulated by a complex interplay of
phytohormones, including auxins, gibberellins (GAs), cytokinins (CKs), abscisic
acid (ABA), ethylene, salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and
brassinosteroids (BRs). These hormones play crucial roles in key physiological
transitions, from germination and root–shoot axis establishment to flowering,
pollination, and kernel development, by modulating gene expression, enzyme
activity, and stress responses. This comprehensive review examines the
spatiotemporal roles of these hormones at different developmental stages, with
a focus on their interactions (crosstalk), feedback mechanisms, and
fluctuations under stress conditions. The review highlights how hormonal
imbalances under abiotic stress (drought, salinity, heat, and oxidative damage)
can impair reproductive success by affecting pollen viability, stigma
receptivity, ovule fertilization, and grain filling. It also explores agronomic
and biotechnological interventions, such as exogenous hormone applications,
hormone priming, and integration into crop management systems. Additionally,
the paper discusses emerging research tools, including QTL mapping,
transcriptomics, and hormone diagnostics, which are essential for precision
breeding of stress-resilient maize cultivars. These insights provide a deeper
understanding of how targeted hormonal regulation can enhance maize
productivity in the face of climate variability.
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Pages:41-48
How to cite this article:
Chavan Syamraj Naik, M Vijay Kumar "The role of phytohormones in regulating growth and reproductive development in maize (<i>Zea Mays </i>L.): Insights into stress resilience and yield stabilization". International Journal of Botany Studies, Vol 10, Issue 6, 2025, Pages 41-48
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