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VOL. 10, ISSUE 8 (2025)
Phytochemical composition and GC-MS profiling of the bark of Syzygium tamilnadense, (Rathakr. & Chitra)
Authors
M Jayendran, CM Ganesan, T Balasaravanan
Abstract
Plants have long evolved to synthesize a
diverse array of natural compounds with notable therapeutic potential, many of
which continue to inform modern drug discovery. In this study, we investigate Syzygium
tamilnadense (Rathakr. & Chitra), an underexplored species endemic to
the Sholur and Nanjanad Reserve Forests of the Nilgiri Biosphere in the Western
Ghats. This marks the first scientific exploration of its medicinal properties.
Preliminary phytochemical screening of solvent extracts revealed that the
ethanol extract was particularly rich in bioactive constituents, including
alkaloids, flavonoids, catechins, glycosides, phenols, saponins, steroids,
tannins, terpenoids, sugars, and xanthoproteins. Quantitative analyses indicated
high levels of phenolics (152.09 ± 0.96 mg GAE/g), flavonoids (51.26 ± 0.26 mg
QES/g), and tannins (41.20 ± 0.56 mg QAE/g), suggesting strong antioxidant
potential. Furthermore, Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis
identified 25 distinct bioactive compounds, including caryophyllene oxide,
neophytadiene, squalene, phytol, linoleic acid ethyl ester, copaene,
hexadecane, p-camphorene, and henicosanal—many of which are known for their
antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer
properties. These findings highlight S. tamilnadense bark as a promising
source of pharmacologically active compounds, validating its traditional
medicinal use and supporting its potential in future pharmaceutical
development.
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Pages:44-55
How to cite this article:
M Jayendran, CM Ganesan, T Balasaravanan "Phytochemical composition and GC-MS profiling of the bark of <i>Syzygium tamilnadense</i>, (Rathakr. & Chitra)". International Journal of Botany Studies, Vol 10, Issue 8, 2025, Pages 44-55
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