Biodiversity, also known as biological diversity, refers to the range of life on Earth. One of the main objectives to ensure food security and long-term economic viability is to safeguard biodiversity, since ecosystems with higher biodiversity are considered to be healthier. The conservation of biodiversity involves managing and preserving plants, animals, and their ecosystems. Indigenous people have played a vital role in this effort. The species that comprise their ecosystem are well understood by ethnic groups, and they are well-versed in plants as vital resources. Thus, the key to maintaining life on Earth lies in the involvement of indigenous populations in biodiversity conservation initiatives. Here, we investigate the way India's indigenous people contribute to biodiversity conservation through their traditions.